diff --git a/source/Model/Group.ts b/source/Model/Group.ts
index eda8573..bc68c48 100644
--- a/source/Model/Group.ts
+++ b/source/Model/Group.ts
@@ -6,18 +6,75 @@ import { Individual } from "./Individual";
 class Group {
 
 	/**
-	 * 所有成员
+	 * 所有个体
 	 */
-	public individuals: Individual[] = [];
+	public individuals: Set<Individual> = new Set();
 
 	/**
-	 * 添加一个成员
+	 * 创建个体
+     * @param count 创建数量
 	 */
-	public add(count: number = 1) {
+	public new(count: number = 1): this {
 		for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-			this.individuals.push(new Individual(this));
+			this.individuals.add(new Individual(this));
 		}
+        return this;
 	}
+
+    /**
+     * 添加个体
+     * @param individual 个体
+     */
+    public add(individual: Individual[] | Individual): this {
+        if (Array.isArray(individual)) {
+            for (let i = 0; i < individual.length; i++) {
+                this.individuals.add(individual[i]);
+            }
+        } else {
+            this.individuals.add(individual);
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 移除成员
+     * @param individual 需要移除的个体
+     */
+    public remove(individual: Individual[] | Individual): this {
+        if (Array.isArray(individual)) {
+            for (let i = 0; i < individual.length; i++) {
+                this.individuals.delete(individual[i]);
+            }
+        } else {
+            this.individuals.delete(individual);
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通过距离获取个体
+     * 此函数将排除传入对象
+     * @param position 观测位置
+     * @param distance 距离
+     * @param excludeSelf 是否排除自身
+     */
+    public getIndividualsByDistance(
+        position: Individual | number[], distance: number, excludeSelf?: boolean
+    ): Individual[] {
+        const result: Individual[] = [];
+        this.individuals.forEach(((individual) => {
+
+            // 排除自身
+            if (individual === position && excludeSelf) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (individual.distanceTo(position) < distance) {
+                result.push(individual);
+            }
+        }));
+        return result;
+    }
 }
 
 export default Group;
diff --git a/source/Model/Individual.ts b/source/Model/Individual.ts
index 607677a..1803fcb 100644
--- a/source/Model/Individual.ts
+++ b/source/Model/Individual.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,47 @@ import type { Group } from "./Group";
  */
 class Individual {
 
+    /**
+     * 计算向量长度
+     * @param x x 坐标 | 向量
+     * @param y y 坐标
+     * @param z z 坐标
+     */
+    public static vectorLength(x: number[]): number;
+    public static vectorLength(x: number, y: number, z: number): number;
+    public static vectorLength(x: number | number[], y?: number, z?: number): number {
+        if (Array.isArray(x)) {
+            return ((x[0] ?? 0)**2 + (x[1] ?? 0)**2 + (x[2] ?? 0)**2)**.5;
+        } else {
+            return ((x ?? 0)**2 + (y ?? 0)**2 + (z ?? 0)**2)**.5;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 向量归一化
+     * @param x x 坐标 | 向量
+     * @param y y 坐标
+     * @param z z 坐标
+     */
+    public static vectorNormalize(x: number[]): [number, number, number];
+    public static vectorNormalize(x: number, y: number, z: number): [number, number, number];
+    public static vectorNormalize(x: number | number[], y?: number, z?: number): [number, number, number] {
+        let length = Individual.vectorLength(x as number, y as number, z as number);
+        if (Array.isArray(x)) {
+            return [
+                (x[0] ?? 0) / length,
+                (x[1] ?? 0) / length,
+                (x[2] ?? 0) / length
+            ];
+        } else {
+            return [
+                (x ?? 0) / length,
+                (y ?? 0) / length,
+                (z ?? 0) / length
+            ];
+        }
+    }
+
 	/**
 	 * 坐标
 	 */
@@ -21,6 +62,52 @@ class Individual {
 	public constructor(group: Group) {
 		this.group = group;
 	}
+
+    /**
+     * 死亡
+     */
+    public die(): this {
+        this.group.remove(this);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 转移到新群体
+     * @param newGroup 新群体
+     */
+    public transfer(newGroup: Group): this {
+        this.group.remove(this);
+        newGroup.add(this);
+        this.group = newGroup;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 计算从此个体到目标位置的向量
+     */
+    public vectorTo(position: Individual | number[]): [number, number, number] {
+        if (position instanceof Individual) {
+            return [
+                position.position[0] - this.position[0],
+                position.position[1] - this.position[1],
+                position.position[2] - this.position[2]
+            ];
+        } else {
+            return [
+                (position[0] ?? 0) - this.position[0],
+                (position[1] ?? 0) - this.position[1],
+                (position[2] ?? 0) - this.position[2]
+            ];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 计算与目标位置距离
+     * @param position 目标位置
+     */
+    public distanceTo(position: Individual | number[]): number {
+        return Individual.vectorLength(this.vectorTo(position));
+    }
 }
 
 export default Individual;